Plant detail pages list the source title, publisher, reference location, access date, and URL or bibliographic information.
Distribution data comes from the World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP), version 2026-06-04, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, licensed CC BY 4.0.
Map areas use WGSRPD Edition 2 Level 3 regions from Biodiversity Information Standards (TDWG), licensed CC BY 4.0. The area polygons were produced by Justin Moat of the GIS Unit at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew; the underlying administrative boundaries are © 1992–1997 ESRI, used with permission. Boundaries are provided for visualization and do not represent legal territorial or conservation determinations.
Climate classes come from the high-resolution Köppen-Geiger maps of Beck et al. (2023) — 1 km, observed period 1991–2020, licensed CC BY 4.0 — summarised as the share of each WGSRPD Level 3 area in each class. "Climatically similar" areas are inferred mechanically from the climate of areas where the plant is recorded as native, and do not mean the plant can grow there.
Beck, H. E., T. R. McVicar, N. Vergopolan, A. Berg, N. J. Lutsko, A. Dufour, Z. Zeng, X. Jiang, A. I. J. M. van Dijk, and D. G. Miralles. High-resolution (1 km) Köppen-Geiger maps for 1901–2099 based on constrained CMIP6 projections. Scientific Data 10, 724 (2023).
Some Japanese and English common names come from the vernacular name records of the GBIF (Global Biodiversity Information Facility) Backbone Taxonomy, licensed CC BY 4.0.
Some entries carry only classification and distribution data, with a short description composed mechanically from WCVP's controlled life-form and climate vocabularies and the native countries derived from them. Detail pages for those entries say so explicitly.
Images and external data include individual credits and license information on plant detail pages.